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Название	“Company’s Profile” “Компания, в которой я работаю”
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Тип	Контрольная работа

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Вариант 2

III семестр

Прочитайте и переведите текст (устно).

SOLAR ENERGY
Solar power, also known as solar energy, is the technology of obtaining usable energy from the light of the sun. Solar energy has been used in many traditional ways for centuries, and has come into widespread use where other power supplies are absent, such as in remote locations and space. Solar energy has a number of applications including

Heat (hot water, heating building, cooking)
Electricity generation (photovoltaic, heat engines)
Desalination of sea water

Solar power is an extremely clean way to generate electricity. There are no air emissions associated with operation of solar modules. Photovoltaic, solar water heating systems reduce power generation from traditional sources and associated environmental impacts. Solar thermal energy is one of the best ways to lower carbon dioxide content and to protect the environment. Typically, greenhouse gas emissions from heating water account for over 70%. A solar water heater is one of the most influential and economical ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. There are a few of the environmental reasons to install a solar thermal system:

To reduce greenhouse gas emission.
Two-collector domestic hot water systems can offset over 2 tons of CO₂ per year or 50 tons over life of the system.
On-site generation, that is to reduce the need to mine and transport fossil fuel energy.
Increased water heater life expectancy.

When comparing the merits of water heating systems, it is important to differentiate between capital and running costs. Conventional water heating systems tend to be cheap to install, but require the purchase of fuel. Fuel prices are currently low, but will rise in future. Solar thermal heating systems seem to be more expensive to install, but don’t need any fuel. A solar thermal system will incur very low running costs, and the payback on the capital costs will be better, because fuel costs of oil or gas systems go up over the time.
II. Выберите правильный вариант ответа на вопросы к тексту.

1. How could “solar power” be defined?

a) “non-renewable” source of energy

b) the technology of producing energy from the sun light

c) power engineering dealing with conventional systems consuming fuel

2. What is solar power used for?

a) heating buildings and generating electricity

b) only for heating domestic water

c) electricity production in the northern countries with long-lasting winters

b) 25 – 30

3. What advantage can be taken of the solar energy application?

a) to reduce the expenditures on fossil fuels extraction

b) to be a good alternative to a wind power

c) to have a bad impact on the environment

III. Закончите предложения по содержанию прочитанного текста.

4. One of the reasons to install a solar thermal system is________.

a) to cut the installation costs

b) to decrease the service life of the heating system

c) to increase water heater operation life

5. Solar power is the best way ________.

a) to solve health problems

b) to reduce CO₂ emission

c) to generate electricity worldwide

6. The prices of fossil fuels are expected ________ in the nearest future.

a) level off

b) to fluctuate

c) to go up sharply

IV. Подберите эквивалент к данному русскому слову или словосочетанию .

7. достоинство, преимущество, заслуга

a) merit

b) quality

c) guaranty

8. выработка/производство энергии

a) electricity transportation	b) energy distribution	c) power generation
9. насчитывать, составлять a) to average	b) to take into account	c) to account for

10. уменьшать, понижать

a) lower

b) low

c) low-down

11. текущие расходы, эксплуатационные издержки

a) business expenditures

b) running costs

c) labour costs

12. связано с, требует

a) to incur

b) to occur

c) to want

13. ископаемое топливо

a) nuclear fuel

b) fossil fuel

c) liquid fuel

V. Выберите соответствующее определение данным словам и терминам .

impact b) conventional systems c) capital costs

d) to mine e) the heater life expectancy f) on-site energy generation g) widespread h) greenhouse gas

14. gas that stops heat from escaping into atmosphere an causes global warming

15. the production of electricity in a particular area or place

16. an effect or influence

17. equipment that is usually used or has been in use for along time

18. the period of time the heater is likely to operate

19. something that exists or happens over a large area, or to a great extent

20. to extract or obtain minerals from the ground by digging deep holes or tunnels

21. money spent by a business on buying equipment, buildings and etc.

VI. Прочитайте предложения и укажите соответствует ли данное утверждение действительности: если соответствует напишите после предложения T- true, если не соответствует то F- false, при этом письменно подтвердите ваш ответ примером из текста.

22. Solar cells can be used in remote areas where there are no power transmission lines.

23. Solar energy can be applied for sea water desalination.

24. It costs too much to maintain solar collectors, so it takes a long time to make profits from investments.

VII. Выберите правильную видовременную форму глагола.

25. Britain ………… for a new form of energy in recent years.

a) has been looking for

b) were risen

c) raised

26. The British usually ……… fossil fuels and ……… nuclear stations.

a) are burning and building

b) burns and builds

c) burn and build

27. Wind power ………… as an alternative source of energy in Holland for many years.

a) has been used

b) is used

c) is being used

28. In a few years Britain ……completely ……. the advantage of wind power.

a) don’t take

b) won’t take

c) not take

29. At present they ………… two wind turbines.

a) install

b) will have installed

c) are installing

VIII. Заполните пропуски предлогами.

30. Since conventional water heaters are in use, greenhouse gas emissions account .... 70%.

a) on

b) from

c) for

31. Alternative energy sources are coming ….. everyday use.

a) to

b) into

c) back to

32. It is important to differentiate …… renewable and non-renewable sources of power.

a) from b) between c) among
IX. Заполните пропуски прилагательным или наречием в нужной форме.

33. How ……..power is supplied by nuclear plants in your country?

a) many

b) big

c) much

34. Britain is one of ……… countries in Europe.

a) the windiest

b) the most windy

c) windiest

35. There are ……. wind farms in Britain than in Denmark.

a) less

b) more little

c) fewer

X. Переведите текст письменно.

SOLLAR COLLECTORS

A solar collector is a device which collects sunlight and converts it into a heat. It consists of the following parts: 1. A glass cover made of either a single a double sheet of glass. 2. Water tubes. These are usually made of aluminium or steel. 3. A flat metal plate. This is painted black and usually made of aluminium, steel or copper. 4. Insulation. This can be any insulating material which can withstand temperatures up to 200^oC. In India, for example, dried palm leaves have been used. 5. A casing that can be made of wood or metal.

The solar collector works in the following way:

It is fixed on the roof of the building.
The sunlight passes through the glass cover and strikes the black plate.
About 50% of energy is reflected back onto the glass.
The glass then reflects it back onto the plate.
This heats the water in the tubes.
The heated water in the tubes is fed into the heating system of the building.

Since they can still supply heat even when it is already colder outside, flat plate collector are preferred choice today for solar water heating in households.

Контрольная работа №3

по английскому языку для студентов всех технических специальностей

заочного отделения

Вариант 3

III семестр

Прочитайте и переведите текст (устно).

What is a Computer?

Computers are electronic machines which can accept data in a certain form, process the data and give the results of the processing in a specified format as information.

Three basic steps are involved in the process. First, data is fed into the computer’s memory. Then, when the program is run, the computer performs a set of instructions and processes the data. Finally, we can see the results (the output) on the screen or in printed form.

Information in the form of data and programs is known as software, and the electronic and mechanical parts that make up a computer system are called hardware. A standard computer system consists of three main sections: the central processing unit (CPU), the main memory and peripherals.

Perhaps the most influential component is the central processing unit. Its function is to execute program instructions and coordinate the activities of all the other units. In a way, it is the ‘brain’ of the computer. The main memory holds the instructions and data which are currently being processed by the CPU. The peripherals are the physical units attached to the computer. They include storage devices and input/output devices.

Storage devices (floppy, hard or optical disks) provide a permanent storage of both data and programs. Disk drives are used to handle one or more floppy disks. Input devices enable data to go into the computer’s memory. The most common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard. Output devices enable us to extract the finished product from the system. For example, the computer shows the output on the monitor or prints the results onto paper by means of a printer.

On the rear panel of the computer there are several ports into which we can plug a wide range of peripherals – modems, fax machines, optical drives and scanners. These are the main physical units of a computer system, generally known as the configuration.

II. Выберите правильный вариант ответа на вопросы к тексту.

1. What three basic steps are involved in the process?

a) programming, deleting and storing data

b) generating a set of instructions, performing the instructions and outputting data

c) data input, instructions execution, data processing and data output

2. What are the main physical parts of the computer system?

a) CPU, main memory, periphhhphpherals

b) ROM, monitor, operating system

c) CPU, hard disk,

software

pherals

b) 25

3. What do the peripherals include ?

a) main memory

b) storage , input/output devices

c) central processing unit

III. Закончите предложения по содержанию прочитанного текста.
4. The CPU function is to execute program instructions and coordinate the activities of all ________.

a) the other providers

b) the other units

c) the other disk drives

5. _________ enable us to retrieve the finished product from the system.

a) Input devices

b) Output devices

c) CPU

6. The main physical units of a computer system ________.

a) is known as the configuration

b) are known as the topology

c) are generally known as the configuration
IV. Подберите эквивалент к данному русскому слову или словосочетанию .

7. программное обеспечение

a) hardware

b) program

c) software

8. клавиатура

a) mouse	b) keyboard	c) configuration
9. гибкий диск a) hard disk	b) optical disk	c) floppy disk

10.выполнять

a) to handle

b) to monitor

c) to manage

11. данные /банк данных

a) dates

b) data

c) units

12. информировать

a) notify

b) information

c) informational

13. состоять из

a)to include

b) to consist of

c) to contain

V. Выберите соответствующее определение данным терминам.

a)software b) peripheral devices c) monitor d) floppy disk

e) hardware f) input g) output h) central processing unit

14. the brain of the computer

15. physical parts that make up a computer system

16. programs which can be used on a particular computer system

17. the information which is presented to the computer

18. results produced by a computer

19. equipment attached to the CPU

20. visual display unit

21. small device used to store information
VI. Прочитайте предложения и укажите соответствует ли данное утверждение действительности: если соответствует напишите после предложения T- true, если не соответствует то F- false, при этом письменно подтвердите ваш ответ примером из текста.

22. Computer can perform many functions

23. Personal computers cannot perform logical operations.

24. Floppy disks are used to store information.
VII. Выберите правильную видовременную форму глагола.

25. We usually ……. to the users.

a) spoke

b) tell

c) speak

26. BASIC ……….. in 1964.

a) was devised

b) is devised

c) has devised

27. We ……. sometimes …… a full day on programming.

a) didn’t spend

b) don’t spend

c) haven’t spent

28. The spelling of this task … already ……. .

a) is checking

b) has been checked

c) has checked

29. At present we …. ….. a system called Visual Failsafe.

a) is using

b) are using

c) are used

VIII. Заполните пропуски предлогами.

30. We can see the results ………. the screen.

a) at

b)on

c) in

31. A standard computer system consists …….. three main sections.

a) in

b) in

c) of

32. Input devices enable data to go ……… the computer’s memory.

a) into b) in c) onto
IX. Заполните пропуски прилагательным или наречием в нужной форме.

33. ……… common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard.

a) most

b) more

c) the most

34. Handheld/mini computers are …….. than microcomputers

a) more smaller

b) the smallest

c) smaller

35. How ………… types of computers do you know?

a) many

b) much

c) big

X. Переведите текст письменно.
The main memory of a computer is also called ‘internal memory’, as distinct from any storage

available on disks. PCs make use of two types of main memory: RAM and ROM.

RAM stands for ‘ Random Access Memory’. It is called, that because the processor can find data in any cell or memory address with equal speed, instead of looking for the data in a sequential order.

The data in the RAM is volatile, so it is lost when the power is switched off. Therefore, if we want to use this data later on, we have to save it on disk. When running an application, the CPU finds its location in the storage device (e.g. hard disk) and transfers a temporary copy of the application to the RAM area.

ROM is an acronym for ‘Read Only Memory’, which implies that the processor can read and use the data stored in the ROM chip, but cannot put data into it. For this reason, it is also referred to as ‘firmware’. ROM chips have ‘constant’ information, including instructions and routines for the basic operations of the CPU. These are used to start up the computer, to read the data from the keyboard or to send characters to the screen.

Контрольная работа № 3

по английскому языку для студентов всех технических специальностей

заочного отделения

Вариант 4

III семестр

Прочитайте и переведите текст (устно).

AUTOMATION AND MECHANIZATION

So far as automation replaces human muscle by mechanical power, it continues a process of mechanization which began before the Industrial Revolution two centuries ago. The first machines were not automatic. They performed many physical tasks but had to be operated and controlled by workers. But semi-automatic machines were invented early in the history of mechanization. They were, for instance, the textile machines and, later on, the lathes widely employed in engineering.

These machines performed automatically, once they were set and loaded, and they confined human operator to the following kinds of work, unskilled work of loading and unloading, and the skilled work of setting and maintaining machines. Since then technical development has been gradual and continuous. They have greatly widened the range of operations that can be performed automatically and they have mechanized some loading and unloading of machines.

Perhaps the best and most recent example is the transfer-machine in engineering. It combines automatic machining with automatic transfer between operations, so that all loading and unloading is done mechanically except at the beginning and end of the line. There have also been extensive developments in the handing of materials and components between processes and in the mechanical assembly of simple components.

II. Выберите правильный вариант ответа на вопросы к тексту.

1. When were semi-automatic machines invented?

a) in the last century

b) at the beginning of the century

c) at beginning of the history of mechanization

2. What two kinds of work did machines confine a human operator to?

a) the manual labour and the unhand labour

b) the unskilled work and the skilled work

c) the automatic operations and mechanical operations

b) 25 – 30

3. What machine is thought to be the best example in engineering?

a) the transfer-machine

b) the hand-operated machine

c) the transfer line
III. Закончите предложения по содержанию прочитанного текста.

4. The first machines performed _________ but had to be operated and controlled by workers.

a) many mechanical tasks

b) many physical tasks

c) many automatic tasks

5. It combines automatic machining _________________ .

a) with automatic transfer between operations

b) with automatic transfer between idle movements

c) with mechanical transfer between tools changeover

6. Technical development has been gradual and continuous and so ________ that can be performed automatically.

a) they have greatly reduced the range of operations

b) they have greatly renewed the range of operations

c) they have greatly expanded the range of operations
IV. Подберите эквивалент к данному русскому слову или словосочетанию .

7. гуманоид

a) robot

b) cyborg

c) humanoid/android

8. ручной труд

a) casual labour	b) manual labour	c) skilled labour
9. робототехника a) robot	b) robotic	c) robotics

10. автоматизация

a) automated

b) automation

c) automatic

11. способность

a) capability

b) capable

c)capacity

12. управлять техникой

a) to control

b) to manage

c) to manipulate

13. содержать в исправности

a) to keep

b) to maintain

c) to contain

V. Выберите соответствующее определение данным терминам.

a)android b) intelligent c)to weld d) to design e) cyborg

f) automation g) robot h) transfer

14. to join two pieces of metal by heating them and pressing them together

15. a machine that looks and behaves like a human

16. good at thinking clearly and quickly

17. the use of computers and machines instead of people to do a job

18. the process by which someone or something moves or is moved from one place to another

19. a humanoid with organic structures

20. a machine that can do work by itself

21. to plan or develop something for a specific purpose
VI. Прочитайте предложения и укажите соответствует ли данное утверждение действительности: если соответствует напишите после предложения T- true, если не соответствует то F-false, при этом письменно подтвердите ваш ответ примером из текста.

22. Automation is the use of any machine capable of operating independently.

23. The first machines were automatic.

24. It is not easy to use machines instead of people to do some work.
VII. Выберите правильную видовременную форму глагола.

25. The American writer A. Asimov firstly ……… Rossum’s Universal Robots in a short story in 1941 .

a) introduce

b) was introduced

c) introduced

26. A group of students …… already ……. their lab work on the pneumatic robot design.

a) was begun

b) have begun

c) begun

27. In nearest future domestic robots …….. housework for us.

a) will do

b) done

c) do

28. Today the design teams and the engineers ………… the conception of new modern industrial automatic machines for plants and factories.

a) discusses and invents

b) are discussing and inventing

c) discussed and invented

29. Most robots ………. to save people from dangerous jobs or routine work.

a) is designed

b) are designed

c) designed

VIII. Заполните пропуски предлогами.

30. The first machines had to be operated and controlled ………….. .

a) at people

b) by workers

c) on co-workers

31. Attention was focused ……. robots application in flexible manufacturing systems.

a) by

b) on

c) at

32. It combines automatic machining with automatic transfer ………. operations.

a) between b) among c) across
IX. Заполните пропуски прилагательным или наречием в нужной форме.

33. The industrial company has achieved __________ results in production than the competitive one.

a) the best

b) better

c) less good

34. Factories are ……... automated that workers only control and maintain robots.

a) such high

b) the highest

c) so highly

35. Walking robots help …….. people with physical disabilities in some countries.

a) many

b) much

c) big

X. Переведите текст письменно.
We are to put into operation robotic complexes and many flexible automated manufacturing systems which will reduce the number of monotonous and unskilled jobs and bring about a radical reduction in the proportion of manual labour.

Modern robots are impressive. In many years they have learned to weld, paint and do other work. Today robots will eventually conquer the world. They are used in industry mainly on a par with automatic machine tools and automatic production lines, including rotary and rotary-conveyer ones, and teamed up with other equipment. While steadily reducing in cost, robots are gaining in efficiency and reliability and will promote their wider use. Robots should be used only where they can yield maximum overall effect, both economic and social. Today robots are at their best in welding, painting, electroplating and other jobs. They do all this more efficiently, improve the quality of end products, and release human operators from unhealthy work zones. This trend towards the priority development of assembly-line robots in different fields is being looked at the international robotics congress.

Контрольная работа № 3

по английскому языку для студентов всех технических специальностей ЗФ

Вариант 5

Ш семестр
I. Прочитайте и переведите текст (устно).

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“Company’s Profile” “Компания, в которой я работаю”

Вариант 2

Вариант 3

Вариант 4

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