List the causes in order of importance. Which of them do you

1. 
   Why Do We Become Ill?
   

2. 
   Transcribe and read out the following words.
   

3. 
   Explain what these words and phrases mean. Use a dictionary if necessary.
   

1. 
   the sort of food and drink usu. taken by a person or group; a list of food or drink a person is allowed
   
2. 
   a desire or wish to have smth esp. food
   
3. 
   a measure used to show the amount of energy that food will produce
   
4. 
   any of several chemical substances found in very small quantities in certain foods, and important for growth
   
5. 
   to be physically healthy and strong, esp. as a result of regular exercises
   
6. 
   to cause to become more active, grow faster
   
7. 
   liquid substance
   
8. 
   elastic substance in an animal body that can be tightened to produce movement
   
9. 
   (of persons) spending much of their time seated
   
10. 
    (cause to) become wider, larger, further open
    

1. 
   understanding 6. healthy
   
2. 
   ability 7. sufficient
   
3. 
   comfort 8. true
   
4. 
   fit 9. lead (v)
   
5. 
   activity 10. acceptable
   

2. 
   supply b. remove
   
3. 
   diminish c. eat or drink
   
4. 
   eliminate d. food
   
5. 
   consume e. serving
   
6. 
   increase (n) f. frightened
   
7. 
   sufficient g. store
   
8. 
   nourishment h. restless
   
9. 
   helping i. cut out
   
10. 
    reserve j. enough
    

11. 
    provide
    
12. 
    growth
    

2. 
   proper b. appetite
   
3. 
   acceptable c. need
   
4. 
   low-calorie d. nourishment
   
5. 
   healthy e. food
   
6. 
   starchy f. activity
   
7. 
   physical g. people
   
8. 
   average h. diet
   
9. 
   biological i. exercise
   
10. 
    varied j. life
    

2. 
   сбалансированная диета
   
3. 
   прибавлять в весе
   
4. 
   сохранять здоровье
   
5. 
   обеспечивать организм витаминами
   
6. 
   укорачивать предполагаемую продолжительность жизни
   
7. 
   сидеть на диете
   
8. 
   распространенное заблуждение
   

2. 
   If you sleep more than 9 hours or less than 5 hours a night...
   
3. 
   Moderate physical exercise does not ... but may actually ...
   
4. 
   Fat comes from ...
   

1. 
   much too worried about the dangers of modern life.
   
2. 
   right to be worried about them.
   
3. 
   being funny about them to make a point.
   

HEALTH IS A GAME OF SKILL AND A GAME OF CHANCE

1. 
   causing damage, injury
   
2. 
   that cannot be predicted
   
3. 
   belonging to one of those persons from whom one is descended
   
4. 
   too many to be counted
   
5. 
   guided by the sense of duty
   
6. 
   favourable to health
   

1. 
   environment a. threshold
   
2. 
   freak b. strong
   
3. 
   full-time c. nourishing
   
4. 
   limit d. fanatic
   
5. 
   tough e. nutrient
   
6. 
   option f. follow
   
7. 
   nutritious g. whole-time
   
8. 
   pursue h. chance
   
9. 
   withstand i. surroundings
   

11. 
    choice
    

1. 
   counteract, 2. eliminate, 3. inherit, 4. nourish, 5. pursue
   

1. 
   иметь крепкое здоровье 7. поправлять здоровье
   
2. 
   быть здоровым 8. погубить свое здоровье
   
3. 
   иметь слабое здоровье 9. подорвать здоровье
   
4. 
   подорванное здоровье 10. укреплять здоровье
   
5. 
   ухудшающееся здоровье 11. полезный/вредный для здоровья
   
6. 
   хрупкое здоровье 12. воздействовать на здоровье
   

1. 
   She suffers from a rare ... of the central nervous system.
   
2. 
   Tuesday’s game had to be cancelled because of the goalkeeper’s ... .
   
3. 
   Travelers to India are advised to get vaccinated against infectious ... such as typhoid before they go.
   
4. 
   Malaria is still a common ... in West Africa and is often fatal.
   
5. 
   She died yesterday after a long ... .
   
6. 
   Childhood ... such as measles and chickenpox are highly contagious.
   
7. 
   There seems to be a lot of mental ... in that family.
   

1. 
   Health is a game of skill and a game of chance ... and what a fascinating game it is!
   
2. 
   We have no other choice but to take up the cards distributed to us.
   
3. 
   Uncountable genes are mixed up at each mating, the good ones remaining, the harmful ones removed.
   
4. 
   In this game of health there are many unpredictable chances.
   
5. 
   There are some valuable rules of healthy living.
   
6. 
   We all have conscientious friends who think seriously about their health.
   
7. 
   There are principles which will help to stand up to the effect of harmful genes.
   
8. 
   Much ill health has its beginning in childhood.
   
9. 
   Another principle is healthy nourishment.
   
10. 
    The art of life is to arrange that stress does not turn into tension and fatigue. (= too much demand on one’s strength).
    
11. 
    A healthy organism is extremely strong.
    
12. 
    It can resist overwork, exhaustion, anxiety, microbes ... .
    
13. 
    We have to learn from experience our own risk limit.
    
14. 
    Faith in life collects together our abilities and makes the most of them.
    

• 
  love in childhood,
  
• 
  healthy ...,
  
• 
  clean ...,
  
• 
  preventing stress from turning into ...,
  
• 
  faith in life which mobilizes our ... and ... .
  

1. 
   What do you think is the title of the poem?
   
2. 
   How is the poem related to the ideas of the passage?
   

2. 
   Study the definitions and try to work out what the word is.
   

2. 
   a person, animal, etc. suffering injury, pain, loss.
   
3. 
   make smaller in size, number, degree
   
4. 
   advantage, profit, help
   
5. 
   capacity to perform functions
   
6. 
   necessary for living
   
7. 
   very high blood pressure which may harm a person’ health
   
8. 
   disease of the pancreas in which sugar and starchy foods cannot be properly absorbed
   
9. 
   having high value as food
   
10. 
    not having enough of; lacking
    

1. 
   advantage 6. energetic
   
2. 
   stamina 7. reward
   
3. 
   concert 8. in the end
   
4. 
   bring down 9. choose
   
5. 
   individuality 10. motivate
   

1. 
   to lose weight 5. poor
   
2. 
   rare, unique 6. worthless
   
3. 
   interesting, exciting 7. forward
   
4. 
   skillful, graceful
   

1. 
   affluent 6. predictable
   
2. 
   prevalent 7. noticeable
   
3. 
   precious 8. haunting
   
4. 
   steady 9. balanced
   
5. 
   clumsy 10. vigorous
   

1. 
   disease vitamin health
   
2. 
   deficiency exercise pulse
   
3. 
   program iron food
   
4. 
   freak heart kidney
   
5. 
   rate fitness blood
   

1. 
   In 1980 Dr Sheehan ... a program for anyone wishing to keep fit.
   
2. 
   In former times a person capable of ... a huge meal was considered healthy.
   
3. 
   Dr Sheehan advises to ... a sporting event according to one’s personality.
   
4. 
   As a result of regular exercises many people ... smoking.
   
5. 
   Dr Sheehan ... jogging at the age of 45. You can do it now.
   

1. 
   Dr.Sheehan suffered from one of affluent civilization’s most common
   

2. 
   The next morning he began what became an essential element in his fitness programme - eating a hearty breakfast.
   
3. 
   Eventually he worked out a programme for everyone - men and women, of any age - who is interested in getting into shape: half an hour of regular exercise four times a week at a comfortable pace. It was enough to enter into a new life-style characterized by energy and movement and to bring about foreseeable and amazing physiological changes.
   
4. 
   The advantages of running are both physiological and psychological.
   
5. 
   The exercising body doesn’t smoke and doesn’t drink much. It controls its weight.
   
6. 
   Fitness can be the basis from which you learn the art of living, of harmonizing your body and mind and spirit.
   

1. 
   The most common disease of any wealthy society is ... .
   
2. 
   The first element of Dr Sheehan’s ... was a ... breakfast.
   
3. 
   As soon as Dr Sheehan began ... the pains and pleasures of his entire life became ... to him.
   
4. 
   Finally, Dr Sheehan ... a programme for anyone who was interested in ... .
   
5. 
   The exercising body ...; it doesn’t ... and ... .
   
6. 
   Fitness has more to do with the ... of life than with its ...; it is ... and makes life more ... .
   
7. 
   Only fitness can bring your body, ... and ... into ... .
   

1. 
   жить в полную силу
   
2. 
   быть жертвой гиподинамии
   
3. 
   начать новый образ жизни
   
4. 
   уменьшать факторы риска, угрожающие жизни
   
5. 
   отделаться от страха
   
6. 
   уменьшать напряжение, враждебность, тревожность
   
7. 
   извлекать практическую пользу из стрессов
   
8. 
   постепенно снижать вес
   
9. 
   сбалансированное питание
   
10. 
    сохранять вес
    
11. 
    понижать кровяное давление
    

• 
  Competitive - try tennis, badminton or wind-surfing. In short, anything challenging.
  
• 
  ... (1) - get involved in club activities, such as a health club, running club or join a ballroom dancing class. Alternatively, organise a weekly workout session at home with a friend.
  
• 
  ...(2) - any form of unrestricted activity such as walking, swimming and cycling. Or anything that you can do quickly at home and have easy access to such as dumbbells, exercise videos, rowing machine, exercise bike.
  
• 
  ... (3) - try exercise that is rhythmic and relaxing, such as yoga, swimming.
  
• 
  ...(4) - take up horse riding, rock climbing, windsurfing, water skiing, orienteering, belly dancing.
  

1. 
   conscientious h. enthusiastic
   

2. 
   impulsive e. ambitious
   
3. 
   outgoing f. sociable
   

1. 
   to ... exercise
   
2. 
   ... exercise
   
3. 
   exercise ...
   

1. 
   Do not start a programme of ... exercise if you have any heart problems.
   
2. 
   I know I should ... more exercise, but I never seem to have time.
   
3. 
   Start your workout with some ... exercises.
   

1. 
   health a. rink
   
2. 
   tennis b. field
   
3. 
   running c. court
   
4. 
   bowling d. alley
   
5. 
   skating e. pitch
   
6. 
   golf f. ground
   
7. 
   athletics g. club
   
8. 
   football h. pool
   
9. 
   cricket i. course
   
10. 
    squash j. track
    
11. 
    swimming
    
12. 
    badminton
    
13. 
    cycle
    
14. 
    race
    

1. 
   In the sentence “Are you the kind of person who runs each morning, or
   

1. 
   a wet blanket
   
2. 
   a couch potato
   
3. 
   an armchair critic
   
4. 
   a stuffed shirt
   
5. 
   a rolling stone
   

1. 
   someone who expresses opinions about things he/she knows very little about
   
2. 
   someone who has no fixed roots
   
3. 
   a pompous, self-opinionated person
   
4. 
   a gossip who wants to know everything that happens to other people
   
5. 
   someone who likes to sit in comfort and do nothing
   
6. 
   someone who does not want to join in and spoils the fun for everybody else
   

1. 
   it’s good for your complexion
   
2. 
   it gives you a healthy appetite
   
3. 
   it helps your heart and arteries stay younger
   

1. 
   strength
   
2. 
   stamina
   
3. 
   suppleness
   

1. 
   You are sweating.
   
2. 
   You are slightly out of breath.
   
3. 
   Your muscles hurt.
   

1. 
   swimming
   
2. 
   yoga
   
3. 
   weight-lifting
   

1. 
   c) 3. b)
   
2. 
   b) 4 a)
   

Can you match the correct answers to the arguments backing them up?

1. 
   Because it uses more muscles.
   
2. 
   Helps avoid heart attacks.
   
3. 
   Improves the efficiency of your circulation.
   
4. 
   Because your heart and lungs are being well exercised.
   

7. 
   The following list contains physical complaints. However, the words have
   

1. 
   slipped ligament d. dislocated ankle
   
2. 
   torn wrist e. swollen muscle
   
3. 
   sprained shoulder f. a pulled disc
   

8. 
   This is an article from a family magazine. Here are the title and the first
   

What about heart attacks?

1. 
   The author came first in the London Marathon.
   
2. 
   Running has always been a popular sport in England.
   
3. 
   The author knew someone who died after jogging.
   
4. 
   Exercise should leave you breathless if it is to improve your health.