Методическое пособие по дисциплине «иностранный язык»
|
Скачать 0.75 Mb.
|
|
Jackie: He said that sometimes he would be required to work up to 20 hours a day! Unsurprisingly, his symptoms were tiredness and the physical effects which come with not eating properly as he said eating becomes a secondary issue. This means that it becomes less important than something else. Kate: Now listen to what else he has to say. He uses the expression the norm. This means that something is normal and we use it describe standard behaviour. What does he say is the norm. Clip 2 In that environment the vast majority of your colleagues are working as hard as you, so you're just used to operating in that type of culture, it's seen as the norm. You start thinking that late hours or having to work the weekends is standard practice, to be expected - nothing special. Most large city institutions I think expect burn out. Jackie: He said that as most of his colleagues were working as hard as he was, he started to think that working in the evenings and at weekends were the norm and to be expected. Doing that was nothing special. Kate: He also uses the term burn out. What does this mean? Jackie: To burn out is term we use to describe the experience of long-term physical and emotional exhaustion, usually work-related. People in certain professions are apparently more likely to experience burn out, such as lawyers, city workers as well as soldiers and emergency service workers. Kate: In this final clip, he mentions the emotional problems that come from overwork. What does he say they are? Clip 3 1) frustration – that you literally spend your entire life working 2) anxiety – when you're that busy, it's very hard to switch off. And 3) terrible feelings about where you life is going and whether there's more to life than this. Jackie: He said the emotional burdens are frustration, when you worry you are spending all your life working, anxiety, when hard to switch off and relax and terrible feelings of wondering if there's more to life than that. Kate: So it seems there are a lot of physical and emotional problems that come from working too hard. Now we're going to hear from a psychologist called Oliver James. You'll hear the word productivity – this means the level of output that you can achieve within a certain time. For example, if you are a productive person you manage to do a lot. He's going to talk about why there are good reasons why we should stop people from working too hard. What are they? Clip 4 Workaholism definitely doesn't make for higher productivity and many studies have shown that. All that happens is that people spend a lot of time working ineffectually so they get very tired, people become less creative, they become more obsessional, more bogged down. Jackie: He said that workaholism doesn't actually make for higher productivity. He said that all that happens is that people spend a lot of time working ineffectually so they get very tired, less creative and they become more obsessional, more bogged down. Kate: When are people most productive? Clip 5 The most productive work is done when people don't work long hours, when they have holidays and when they take weekends and have evenings. Jackie: He said the most productive work is done when people don't work long hours, when they have holidays, take weekends and enjoy evenings. Kate: So there we have it – it seems that working long hours isn't really worth it at all. We're all much better off taking holidays, weekends, enjoying ourselves in the evenings and have good work-life balance. Let's have a look at the vocabulary we've come across: workaholism – a condition where someone works all the time and finds it difficult to stop work-life balance - the right balance between working and our personal life, spending time with friends etc a secondary issue - this means that something comes second in importance to something else. the norm - we use it describe standard behaviour to burn out is term we use to describe the experience of long-term physical and emotional exhaustion, usually work-related productivity – the level of output that you can achieve within a certain time main reasons Kate: So finally to the question I asked you earlier – how many hours are in the standard working week. Jackie: And I said 40. Kate: You were correct. 40 hours evens out at 8 hours a day, leaving us time to enjoy our evening and weekends…. That’s all we have time for today – until next time. Goodbye. BBC Learning English 6 Minute English 41 2. 2. Мобильные телефоны, технологии 2.1. Вы услышите рассказ о роли мобильного телефона в современном мире. В заданиях А8-А14 обведите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды. У Вас есть 50 секунд, чтобы ознакомиться с заданиями. When mobile phones first appeared in the early 1990-s, they were status symbols for wealthy businesspeople. Phones were big and heavy, and the signal was usually poor, so people often shouted when they used them. Over the next ten years technology improved and prices fell considerably. In many rich countries the mobile phone became the teenager's favourite toy. In just 20 years mobiles have changed the way people do business and socialize in rich countries. In Africa before mobile phones, starting a business often meant renting a shop or an office which was expensive. Now business owners can write their mobile number on an advertisement, put it on a noticeboard and wait for customers to call them. As a result, thousands of people can find a market for their goods or services. In India fishermen now use the mobile to find the best market for their fish before they return to shore. A few quick calls on their mobile phones can tell them which ports to visit to find the price for their fish and avoid unnecessary waste. Farmers, too, are using mobile phones around the world for providing local weather forecasts which help them to plan their work. They can also have advice on farming methods and up-to-date information about prices for their crops sent to their mobile. As mobile phones make business easier, they improve living conditions for hundreds of thousands of people around the world. And as they spread, becoming cheaper and more popular, it seems likely that they will change the world in ways that we can't imagine yet. А8 In 1990s if you had mobile phone it meant you were
A9 Recently the prices of mobile phones
A10 In Africa the possibility of using mobile phones gave
A11 In India fishermen use mobile phones for
A12 Farmers need to
3) find the partners. А13 Thanks for the inventing of mobile phone
А 14 The using of mobile phones will
2.2. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего А — F и утверждениями ,данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей буквой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
Speaker 1 You want to know what I think about different inventions? Well, we have lots of useful things and I can't imagine my life without TV, a mobile or the Internet and the list goes on and on. But what I value most of all is the microwave oven. It is used in my home more that an iron, a toaster or a blender. Who would have thought 25 years ago that the microwave would become so essential? Not only does it help me spend less time in the kitchen but decreases the number of unwanted dirty dishes, too. I think it's very important. Speaker 2 I used to think television was the most brilliant invention because you could sit in an armchair and have a window on the world. But in the last couple of years I've changed my mind. For me now the best thing ever is the mobile phone. I mean they used to be so heavy and not that attractive to carry around. But now they're tiny and light — I never go anywhere without mine. And you can buy personalised covers and even change the covers to match what you're wearing. Some of my friends are so cool — they dye their hair to match their phones and their watch straps as well. I mean how amazing is that?! Speaker 3 There are so many things that I think I couldn't live without. My mum moans at me because I can't be bothered to cook. But I mean who needs to cook when there are so many takeaway places. Nor can I imagine life without radio and TV but if there's one thing that's made a big difference to my life, it's the cash machine. I can relax about getting money and not rush around trying to get to a bank before it closes. I was always running out of cash but now at any time of day or night I can turn up at a hole in the wall, put my card in and magic — there's money! No hassle. Speaker 4 I know there are all sorts of wonderful inventions and it's easy to take everything for granted. Like electricity — life as we know it would be impossible without it, I mean we depend on it for almost everything. But for me personally it's the car which I think has massively changed people's lives. I know that holidays in space are more or less a reality now; and you can reach any part of the world by plane. But it's the ease of the car, the fact that it offers you such freedom. Like you wake up in the morning and think where would I like to go today? And you just do it! Speaker 5 I think some inventions are such fun. All these computer games, I really love them. And the fact that they're hand-held is great. They help me relax when I'm feeling stressed and take my mind off whatever's worrying me, although I suppose I could live without them if I had to. But there's no way I could live without my e-mail. When we all left school last year, I made sure I had everyone's e-mail address and that means we all keep in touch and get to meet up with each other. And if we can't meet, then at least we know each other's news and what we're all doing. Speaker 6 I hate being without my electric toothbrush but I know that's silly because most people use an ordinary toothbrush and never think twice about it. But there is one invention which has really saved my life and that's my electronic diary. My girlfriend bought me one because she got so fed up with me forgetting arrangements. I've no excuse now for forgetting anything, even her birthday is programmed into it! They used to be dead expensive but now they've come down in price and I use mine all the time.
Фоменко Е.А. ЕГЭ 2013 вар. 6 2.3. Listen to some people talking about the equipment they use at work and decide which of the following they are referring to. 1. A radio pager 2. A mobile phone 3. A car phone 4. An electronic notepad 5. An OCS scanner 6. A multimedia videophone “ Words At Work”, Lesson 17 Track 17.04 Задание 2.4. Вы услышите монолог. В заданиях А8 - А14 обведите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранномувами варианту ответу. Вы услышите запись дважды. My first job out of university was designing software for an economics project, but I realised that I didn't know what I was doing, so I took a master's in user interface design. In 2000 a job in the usability group at Nokia came up. At the time I didn't even own a mobile phone. The task was to carry out 'user experience research' so we pitched a year-long international study on what objects people carry with them and why. It turned out that the common denominator between cultures, regardless of age, gender or context is: keys, money and, if you own one, a mobile phone. Why those three objects? Without wanting to sound hyperbolic, essentially it boils down to survival. Keys provide access to warmth and shelter, money is a very versatile tool that can buy food, transport and so on. A mobile phone is actually a great tool for recovering from emergency situations, especially if the first two fail. We've also started to see the mobile phone being used as the primary form of projecting your identity. For instance, if you live in a community with no street signs, because your street is off the map or not officially recognised, you find people are writing their phone numbers above their door. In the past few years, we've done a lot of work with people in so-called emerging markets. A mobile phone is just as valid for a farmer on the outskirts of New Delhi as a banker in New York. What we've discovered is that for people on the lowest rungs of society, the mobile phone actually has a disproportionately great benefit to them compared with the banker in New York, because they have fewer alternatives. We do research in such communities because they are incredibly innovative in the way they use their mobile phones In some countries people are incredibly price-conscious and measure costs in seconds and cents. In Ghana, for example, we saw that people tend to buy two or more SIM cards, one for each network provider. In a country like Uganda, most mobile phones are prepay. What really surprised us was that people are using their phones as a kind of money transfer system. They would buy prepaid credit in the city, ring up a phone kiosk operator in a village and ask the credit to be passed on to someone in the village — say, their sister — in cash. The tough part of my job is using the data we collect to inform and inspire how my colleagues think, and in turning this research into new ideas. For instance, we did a study on phone sharing in Uganda and Indonesia, and within a year we had two products out. They support multiple address books, allowing people to share a device within a family or a company while giving them a degree of privacy. We have also carried out a lot of research into how people who can't read communicate using mobile phones. We fed that back to the device designers, so the phones could be designed to work better. But we didn't want to create a phone specifically for those who can't read — they're not going to buy this kind of phone because of the social stigma it would carry. My blog 'Future Perfect' includes a lot of my musings about what I see on my travels. The motivation behind the blog is that I do something that totally fascinates me, and I'm lucky to be well resourced and to work with very talented people. I want to be able to communicate some of that. It's not about saying what the answers are; it's about asking the questions and maybe some of those will stick in people's minds and they'll ask those questions in their own contexts. |
Похожие:
 |
Пояснительная записка Учебное методическое пособие «Сборник текстов... Методическое пособие предназначено для аудиторной и внеаудиторной самостоятельной работы студентов 1-4 курсов по дисциплине «Иностранный... |
|
Методическое пособие по переводу технических текстов огсэ. 04 Иностранный язык Методическое пособие разработано в соответствии с Федеральным Государственным образовательным стандартом среднего профессионального... |
 |
Рабочая программа по дисциплине гсэ. Ф. 01 Иностранный язык Курс «Иностранный язык» занимает важное место в лингвистической подготовке будущих работников сферы «Социальный сервис и туризм» |
|
Рабочая программа по дисциплине гсэ. Ф. 01 Иностранный язык ... |
|
Учебное пособие огсэ. 03 Иностранный язык для обучающихся по программе... Учебное пособие по дисциплине огсэ. 03 Иностранный язык для обучающихся по программе подготовки специалистов среднего звена |
|
Учебное пособие по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» «Иностранные языки» Казанского государственного энергетического университета И. В. Марзоева |
|
Учебное пособие по курсу иностранный язык (немецкий) Чтение, аннотация и реферирование газетных статей. Учебное пособие по курсу иностранный язык (немецкий) / фгбоу спо «бгуор». Брянск,... |
|
Методические рекомендации по выполнению внеаудиторной самостоятельной... «Иностранный язык», утвержденной для специальности 23. 02. 01 Организация перевозок и управление на транспорте (по видам) с учетом... |
|
Т. Е. Морозова иностранный язык Методическое пособие предназначено для выполнения самостоятельной работы студентами технических специальностей очной и заочной форм... |
|
Методические указания по выполнению самостоятельной внеаудиторной... Методические указания по выполнению внеаудиторной самостоятельной работы по учебной дисциплине иностранный язык предназначены для... |
|
Рабочая программа общеобразовательной учебной дисциплины оуд. 03... «Иностранный язык» рекомендованной фгау «фиро»; в соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом по специальности... |
|
Пояснительная записка Данное пособие предназначено для выполнения... Государственное бюджетное профессиональное образовательное учреждение Ростовской области |
|
Методические рекомендации по выполнению самостоятельной работы по... Данные Методические рекомендации по выполнению самостоятельной работы по дисциплине огсэ. 03 Иностранный язык (английский) предназначены... |
|
Методическое пособие для проведения внеаудиторной самостоятельной... Методическое пособие предназначено для организации эффективной самостоятельной внеаудиторной работы обучающихся, получающих образование... |
|
Программа по дисциплине "иностранный язык (основной)" Настоящая программа по дисциплине "Чешский язык" составлена в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного... |
|
Программа по дисциплине "иностранный язык (основной)" Настоящая программа по дисциплине "Болгарский язык" составлена в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного... |