Методическая разработка по английскому языку для 4 курса спо по теме: «Учебно-методический комплекс по английскому языку для специальности: «Технология машиностроения»
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часть) Automation is the system of manufacture performing certain tasks, previously done by people, by machines only. The sequences of operations are controlled automatically. The most familiar example of a highly automated system is an assembly plant for automobiles or other complex products. The term automation is also used to describe non-manufacturing systems in which automatic devices can operate independently of human control. Such devices as automatic pilots, automatic telephone equipment and automated control systems are used to perform various operations much faster and better than could be done by people. Automated manufacturing had several steps in its development. Mechanization was the first step necessary in the development of automation. The simplification of work made it possible to design and build machines that resembled the motions of the worker. These specialized machines were motorized and they had better production efficiency. Industrial robots, originally designed only to perform simple tasks in environments dangerous to human workers, are now widely used to transfer, manipulate, and position both light and heavy workpieces performing all the functions of a transfer machine. In the 1920s the automobile industry for the first time used an integrated system of production. This method of production was adopted by most car manufacturers and became known as Detroit automation. The feedback principle is used in all automatic-control mechanisms when machines have ability to correct themselves. The feedback principle has been used for centuries. An outstanding early example is the flyball governor, invented in 1788 by James Watt to control the speed of the steam engine. The common household thermostat is another example of a feedback device. 2.ТЕСТЫ. TEST 1.SPECIAL QUESTIONS. 1.... does it cost to stay at the Hilton Hotel? A How many В How much С What 2.- ... is Pam's sister? - She's a secretary at our college A What В Who С Where 3. Bob and Alice got married in 1991. A How long have they been married? В How long is it since they got married? С When did they get married1? 4. –Tell me something about Fred`s wife. …? -Oh, she`s about 25, she`s pretty and friendly. A What is she? B What does she like? C What is she like? D Who is she? 5. -…… will it take me to learn French? - I think you`ll be able to speak in another few months. A How much B How long C What 6. Bob and Alice got married in 1991. A How long have they been married? B How long is it since they got married? C When did they get married? TEST2 ARTICLES WITH PROPER NAMES A the B- 1.. .Everest is the highest mountain in the world. 2... West End is the symbol of wealthy and Luxurious life. 3. Where's... John's raincoat? 4... Pacific is the largest ocean on our planet. 5.Have you ever been to.. .Bolshoi Theatre? 6.Does... Mark speak... Spanish? 7.Show me... Canada Island on this map, please. 8.How much does it cost to stay at...Grand Hotel? 9....Volga flows into... Caspian Sea. 10.Although the north of... Scotland is called... Highlands the mountains aren't high there-.. .Ben Nevis (1343m) is the highest peak. 11.I've made up my mind to go to.. .Black Sea next summer. 12.Two of my classmates entered.. .Moscow State University last year. 13.... Lake Baikal is the deepest one in the world. 14.On Wednesday.. .Moscow Times published an article about Marcus Webb. Экзаменационныйбилет №7 1.ТЕКСТ«AUTOMATION» (2часть) Using feedback devices, machines can start, stop, speed up, slow down, count, inspect, test, compare, and measure. These operations are commonly applied to a wide variety of production operations. Computers have greatly facilitated the use of feedback in manufacturing processes. Computers gave rise to the development of numerically controlled machines. The motions of these machines are controlled by punched paper or magnetic tapes. In numerically controlled machining centres machine tools can perform several different machining operations. More recently, the introduction of microprocessors and computers have made possible the development of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD and CAM) technologies. When using these systems a designer draws a part and indicates its dimensions with the help of a mouse, light pen, or other input device. After the drawing has been completed the computer automatically gives the instructions that direct a machining centre to machine the part. Another development using automation are the flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). A computer in FMS can be used to monitor and control the operation of the whole factory. Automation has also had an influence on the areas of the economy other than manufacturing. Small computers are used in systems called word processors, which are rapidly becoming a standard part of the modern office. They are used to edit texts, to type letters and so on. 2.ТЕСТЫ. TEST 1. PAST PERFECT / PRESENT PERFECT 1.Aunt Polly punished Tom Sawyer because he ... naughty. A. has been B. had been 2. - Why are you looking so unhappy? - I... my purse. A. have los t B. had lost 3. Sam was upset because Judy ... . A. hasn`t come B. hadn 't come 4. Mother asked the children if they ... some biscuits for tea. A. has bough B. had bought 5.1 ... some photos to be developed. Are they ready? A. have left B. had left 6. Tell Tommy about these wonderful islands. He ... about them. A. has never heard B. had never heard 7. I'm so happy to see you again. I ... you since I left Berks. A. haven't seen B. hadn't seen 8. She said she ... him since she left Berks. A. hasn't seen B. hadn't seen TEST 2. PLURAL (make plural form)
A - B an address C an address A childs B childres C children 3. a foot 4. jeans A foots B footes C feet A jeans B jeanses C jeans 5. a potato 6. a photo A potatoes B potatos C potates A photoes B photos C photes
A roofs B rooves C roofes A boys-friends B boy-friends C boys friends 9. a sheep 10. news A sheep B sheeps C sheepes A newses B news C pieces of news 11. a toothbrush 12. a advice A teethbrush B toothbrushes C toothbrushes A advices B advises C - Экзаменационный билет №8 1.ТЕКСТ «TYPESOFAUTOMATION» (1часть) Applications of Automation and Robotics in Industry Manufacturing is one of the most important application area for automation technology. There are several types of automation in manufacturing. The examples of automated systems used in manufacturing are described below. 1. Fixed automation, sometimes called «hard automation» refers to automated machines in which the equipment configuration allows fixed sequence of processing operations. These machines are programmed by their design to make only certain processing operations. They are not easily changed over from one product style to another. This form of automation needs high initial investments and high production rates. That is why it is suitable for products that are made in large volumes. Examples of fixed automation are machining transfer lines found in the automobile industry, automatic assembly machines and certain chemical processes.
2.ТЕСТЫ. TEST MODALVERBS 1. You will... speak Spanish in another few months. A can С be able to В have 2. I`d like….skate. A to can B tobe able to C to have to D could 3.Nobody answers the phone. They... be out. A should С can В would D must 4. To my mind, the government... take care of old people. A should С must B need to D may 5.I... get up early on Mondays. A am able Сmust В have to D may 6. The policeman told the woman she... worry. A needn'tСcouldn't Вneedn't toD mustn't 7. As you... remember, I was always interested in scientific experiments. A may С must В have to D may 8. Little children like books with large print. They... read them more easily. A should С can В must D have to 9..... I speak to Jane, please? A could Сmust В shall 10. My dentist says I... eat so many sweets. A needn't В mustn't D shouldn't TEST 2. PRESENT SIMPLE / PRESENT CONTINUOUS A right В wrong (in this case correct the sentence,please)
3.I am looking for my glasses. Where are they? 4. My brother is smoking 20 cigarettes a day. 5.Iam not understanding v/hat he is speaking about
Экзаменационныйбилет №9 1.ТЕКСТ«TYPESOFAUTOMATION»(2часть) This reprogramming(programmable automation)and changeover take a period of non-productive time. Production rates in programmable automation are generally lower than in fixed automation, because the equipment is designed to facilitate product changeover rather than for product specialization. A numerical-control machine-tool is a good example of programmable automation. The program is coded in computer memory for each different product style and the machine-tool is controlled by the computer programme.
2.ТЕСТЫ. TEST 1. PASSIVE open the brackets The Tower of London The lower of London (build) by William the Conqueror in 1078 as a castle and palace. Since that time it (expand) to its present size, and (use) as an armoury, a zoo, a royal mint, a prison, and a museum. At the time when it was a prison a lot of people (lock) in I he Tower for their religious beliefs or suspected treason. Anne Boleyn, Elizabeth the First (shut up) there, too.Spies (imprison) in the Tower during both World Wars. Some of the prisoners (allow) to walk in the grounds, live in comfortable rooms and receive visitors. Many convicted (publicly/execute) on Tower Hill. They (behead) with the block and axe, which (keep) and (show) in the Tower Armoury now. The Jewel House (situate) at the Tower. The collection of the Crown Jewels (keep) in it.Saint Edward's Crown, the Imperial State Crown, and the royal sceptre (guard) there. Saint Edward's Crown (use) for the coronation ceremonies. 3000 precious jewels (set) in the Imperial State Crown. In 1671 a daring attempt (make) to steal the Crown Jewels by a man named Captain Blood. Test 2 ARTICLES WITH PROPER NAMES A the B- 1. I went to... France last year, but I haven't been to... Netherlands yet. 2 I live in... Tverskaya Street. 3... Thames flows through... London. 4... United Kingdom includes... Great Britain and... Northern Ireland.
8... USA is... fourth largest country in... world after... Russia, ... Canada and... Republic of... China. 9... English Channel is between... Great Britain and... France. 10...Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of...London. Экзаменационный билет №10 1.ТЕКСТ«ROBOTS IN MANUFACTURING»(1часть) Today most robots are used in manufacturing operations. The applications of robots can be divided into three categories: 1. material handling 2. processing operations 3. assembly and inspection. Material-handling is the transfer of material and loading and unloading of machines. Material-transfer applications require the robot to move materials or work parts from one to another. Many of these tasks are relatively simple: robots pick up parts from one conveyor and place them on another. Other transfer operations are more complex, such as placing parts in an arrangement that can be calculated by the robot. Machine loading and unloading operations utilize a robot to load and unload parts. This requires the robot to be equipped with a grip-per that can grasp parts. Usually the gripper must be designed specifically for the particular part geometry. In robotic processing operations, the robot manipulates a tool to perform a process on the work part. Examples of such applications include spot welding, continuous arc welding and spray painting. Spot welding of automobile bodies is one of the most common applications of industrial robots. The robot positions a spot welder against the automobile panels and frames to join them. Arc welding is a continuous process in which robot moves the welding rod along the welding seam. Spray painting is the manipulation of a spray-painting gun over the surface of the object to be coated. Other operations in this category include grinding and polishing in which a rotating spindle serves as the robot's tool. 2.ТЕСТЫ. TEST 1. PRESENT SIMPLE / PRESENT CONTINUOUS A right Вwrong (in this case correct the sentence,please) 1. Tom is in his room. He plays the piano. 2. Jill is speaking five languages. 3. I am looking for my glasses. Where are they? 4. How much is it costing to send a letter to Paris? 5. My parents are never drinking strong coffee. 6.I hate big cities. 7. His play is beginning at half past seven. 8. What are you thinking of that novel? 9. What are you thinking about? 10. I am hoping Mag comes out of hospital soon. TEST 2.DEGREES OF COMPARISON A rightВwrong (correct the sentence, please) 1.Baseball is the popularest summer sport in America. 2.Yesterday he started to feel more bad. 3. Soon it began to get more darker and it was time 1 back home. 4.He said that money was the most important to him. 5.I've got a headache. Be quieter, please. 6.Mary's answer is correcterthan yours. 7.Can you come more early next time? 8.You should be carefuler. 9. I`m busier than my little sister. 10. London is more oldthan New York. Экзаменационныйбилет №11 1.ТЕКСТ«ROBOTS IN MANUFACTURING»(2часть) The third application area of industrial robots is assembly and inspection. The use of robots in assembly is expected to increase because of the high cost of manual labour. But the design of the product is an important aspect of robotic assembly. Assembly methods that are satisfactory for humans are not always suitable for robots. Screws and nuts are widely used for fastening in manual assembly, but the same operations are extremely difficult for an one-armed robot. Inspection is another area of factory operations in which the utilization of robots is growing. In a typical inspection job, the robot positions a sensor with respect to the work part and determines whether the part answers the quality specifications. In nearly all industrial robotic applications, the robot provides a substitute for human labour. There are certain characteristics of industrial jobs performed by humans that can be done by robots: 1. the operation is repetitive, involving the same basic work motions every cycle, 2. the operation is hazardous or uncomfortable for the human worker (for example: spray painting, spot welding, arc welding, and certain machine loading and unloading tasks), 3. theworkpiece or tool is too heavy and difficult to handle, 4. the operation allows the robot to be used on two or three shifts. 2.ТЕСТЫ. TEST 1. WORD ORDER 1. often- the cinema - The Milnes - to - go A The Milnes go to the cinema often. В The Milnes often go to the cinema. 2. cigarettes- his - give - him A Give his cigarettes him. В Give him his cigarettes. 3. the theatre - go - often - very - we - to A We go to the theatre very often. В We very often go to the theatre. С Very often we go to the theatre.
A Give to him his cigarettes. В Give his cigarettes to him. 5.drink- coffee -1 - usually - strong - don't A I usually don't drink strong coffee. В I don' t usually drink strong coffee. С I don' t drink strong coffee usually. 6.round- at - table - wooden - they - a - large – sat A They sat at a large wooden round table. В They sat at a round large wooden table. С They sat at a large round wooden table. 7.doing- men - what - those - are? A What are those men doing? В What are doing those men? С What those men are doing? TEST 2 ARTICLES WITH PROPER NAMES A the B- 1. Would you like to go to...Kremlin? 2. .. .Everest is the highest mountain in the world. 3. ... West End is the symbol of wealthy and Luxurious life. 4. Where's... John's raincoat? 5. ... Pacific is the largest ocean on our planet. 6. Have you ever been to...Bolshoi Theatre? 7. Does... Mark speak... Spanish? 8. Show me... Canada Island on this map, please. 9.How much does it cost to stay at...Grand Hotel? 10....Volga flows into... Caspian Sea. 11.Although the north of... Scotland is called... Highlands the mountains aren't high there-.. .Ben Nevis (1343m) is the highest peak. 12.I've made up my mind to go to.. .Black Sea next summer. 13.Two of my classmates entered.. .Moscow State University last year. Экзаменационный билет №12 1.ТЕКСТ «AUTOMATIONIN INDUSTRY.»(1часть) FIXED AND PROGRAMMABLE AUTOMATION Automated production lines An automated production line consists of a series of workstations connected by a transfer system to move parts between the stations. This is an example of fixed automation, since these lines are set up for long production runs, making large number of product units and running for several years between changeovers. Each station is designed to perform a specific processing operation, so that the part or product is constructed stepwise as it progresses along the line. A raw work part enters at one end of the line, proceeds through each workstation and appears at the other end as a completed product. In the normal operation of the line, there is a work part being processed at each station, so that many parts are being processed simultaneously and a finished part is produced with each cycle of the line. The various operations, part transfers, and other activities taking place on an automated transfer line must all be sequenced and coordinated properly for the line to operate efficiently. Modern automated lines are controlled by programmable logic controllers, which are special computers that can perform timing and sequencing functions required to operate such equipment. Automated production lines are utilized in many industries, mostly automobile, where they are used for processes such as machining and pressworking. 2.ТЕСТЫ. TEST MODALVERBS 1. You will... speak Spanish in another few months. A can С be able to Вhave 2. I`d like….skate. A to can B tobe able to C to have to D could 3.Nobody answers the phone. They... be out. A should С can В would D must 4. To my mind, the government... take care of old people. A should С must B need to D may 5.I... get up early on Mondays. A am able Сmust Вhave to D may 6. The policeman told the woman she... worry. A needn't С couldn't В needn't to D mustn't 7. As you... remember, I was always interested in scientific experiments. A may С must В have to D may 8. Little children like books with large print. They... read them more easily. A should С can В must D have to 9..... I speak to Jane, please? A could Сmust В shall 10. My dentist says I... eat so many sweets. A needn't В mustn't D shouldn't TEST 2. PRESENT SIMPLE / PRESENT CONTINUOUS A right Вwrong (in this case correct the sentence,, please) 1.Tom is in his room. He plays the piano. 2. Jill is speaking five languages. 3.I am looking for my glasses. Where are they? 4. My brother is smoking 20 cigarettes a day. 5.Iam not understanding v/hat he is speaking about 6.John is tired, so he has a short sleep. 7.The man in the dark grey coat is looking like Tom Garrett. 8.He doesn't like ballroom dancing. 9.I'm looking out of the window, but I'm not seeing him. 10.I am remembering that holiday we had in France a few years ago. Экзаменационныйбилет №13 1.ТЕКСТ «AUTOMATIONIN INDUSTRY.»(2часть) Machining is a manufacturing process in which metal is removed by a cutting or shaping tool, so that the remaining work part is the desired shape. Machinery and motor components are usually made by this process. In many cases, multiple operations are required to completely shape the part. If the part is mass-produced, an automated transfer line is often the most economical method of production. Many separate operations are divided among the workstations. Pressworking operations involve the cutting and forming of parts from sheet metal. Examples of such parts include automobile body panels, outer shells of laundry machines and metal furniture More than one processing step is often required to complete a complicated part. Several presses are connected together in sequence by handling mechanisms that transfer the partially completed parts from one press to the next, thus creating an automated pressworking line. Numerical control Numerical control is a form of programmable automation in which a machine is controlled by numbers (and other symbols) that have been coded on punched paper tape or an alternative storage medium. The initial application of numerical control was in the machine tool industry, to control the position of a cutting tool relative to the work part being machined. The NC part program represents the set of machining instructions for the particular part. The coded numbers in the program specify x-y-z coordinates in a Cartesian axis system, defining the various positions of the cutting tool in relation to the work part. 2.ТЕСТЫ. TEST 1. PASSIVE 1.The day before yesterday we (invited) to the restaurant by Tom Jenkins. A are invited В were invited С invite . 2.Look! The bridge (repair). A is being repaired В is been repaired С has being repaired 3.. The letter and the parcel (post) tomorrow. A will be post В will have been posted С will be posted 4.Margaret (know) to be a very industrious person. A has been known В is known С is been known 5.In Greece the Olympic Games (hold) once in four years. A were held В are being held С are held 6.The problem (study) for three years, but they haven't got any results. A has been studied В has being studied С was studied 7.Dad phoned us and asked if our luggage (already/pack). A was already being packed В had already been packed С was packed 8.The doctor said that Tommy's leg (X-rayed) the following day. A will be X-rayed В would be X-rayed С will have been X-rayed 9.A police car came when the injured man (carry off) the road. A was being carried off В was been carrying off С has been carried off 10. I (bear) in a small Russian town not far from Samara. A was borne В am born С was born 11.This book (republish) by the end of September. A would been republished В will have been republished С will been republished TEST 2 DEGREES OF COMPARISON 1. This house is (old) of all the houses in the street. A as old as В older С the oldest 2.Go to the library if you need (far) information. A farther В further С farer 3 .Life is (easy) it used to be. A so easy as В more easy than С easier than 4.I'm getting (fat) and (fat). A the fattest and the fattest В fatter and fatter С fat and fat 5.The problem was (serious) we expected. A seriouser than Вmore serious than 6.Moscow is (large) city in Russia. A the largest Вlargest Сlarger 7.Let's go by train. It's much (cheap). A cheap В cheaper С the cheapest 8. Where is (near) post-office, please? A the nearest Вthe next Сnearer 9. That's (good) film I've ever seen. A a good В the goodest С the best Экзаменационныйбилет №14 1.ТЕКСТ «AUTOMATIONININDUSTRY.»(3часть) Many applications of numerical control have been developed since its initial use to control machine .tools. Other machines using numerical control include component-insertion machines used in electronics assembly, drafting machines that prepare engineering drawings, coordinate measuring machines that perform accurate inspections of parts. In these applications coded numerical data are employed to control the position of a tool or workhead relative to some object. Such machines are used to position electronic components (e.g., semiconductor chip modules) onto a printed circuit board (PCB). It is basically an x-y positioning table that moves the printed circuit board relative to the part-insertion head, which then places the individual component into position on the board. A typical printed circuit board has dozens of individual components that must be placed on its surface; in many cases, the lead wires of the components must be inserted into small holes in the board, requiring great precision by the insertion machine. The program that controls the machine indicates which components are to be placed on the board and their locations. This information is contained in the product-design database and is typically communicated directly from the computer to the insertion machine. Automated assembly Assembly operations have traditionally been performed manually, either at single assembly workstations or on assembly lines with multiple stations. Owing to the high labour content and high cost of manual labour, greater attention has been given in recent years to the use of automation for assembly work. Assembly operations can be automated using production line principles if the quantities are large, the product is small, and the design is simple (e.g., mechanical pencils, pens, and cigarette lighters). For products that do not satisfy these conditions, manual assembly is generally required. 2.ТЕСТЫ. TEST 1. FUTURE SIMPLE / FUTURE PERFECT / FUTURE CONTINUOUS 1.He (sleep) when you come back tonight, A will sleep В will be sleeping 2.By the time I come they (go). A will go В will have gone 3.-It is snowing heavily. Have you listened to the weather forecast for tomorrow? -I hope it (stop) snowing by tomorrow morning. A will stop В will be stopping С will have stopped 4.My sister (know) the result of her exam on economy in three days.A will know В will have known С will be knowing 5.-Let'smeet at the station at 5 o'clock.- O.K. I (wait) for you there. A will wait. В will be waitingСwill have waited 6.The work of the scientist (achieve) the proper acclaim. A will achieve В will have achieved TEST 2. PRONOUNS(use pronouns) 1. At Christmas... (friends) often give Mary presents. 2.... (Mary ) likes her friends. 3..I've got a tortoise. I feed ... on vegetables. 4.... (the burd) is singing lovely. 1.ТЕКСТ«TYPESOFAUTOMATION»(2 |
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